brnbio / laravel-mysql-spatial
最新Laravel的MySQL空间数据类型扩展
Requires
- php: ^8.1
- doctrine/dbal: ^3.0
- geo-io/wkb-parser: ^1.0
- illuminate/database: ^9.0|^10.0
- jmikola/geojson: ^1.0
Requires (Dev)
- mockery/mockery: ^1.4
- phpunit/phpunit: ^9.0|^10.0
README
Laravel包,便于轻松使用MySQL空间数据类型和MySQL空间函数。
请检查您MySQL版本的文档。MySQL的空间数据扩展从MySQL 5.5开始加入,但许多空间函数在5.6和5.7中有所改变。
此包也支持MariaDB。请参考MySQL/MariaDB空间支持矩阵以了解兼容性。
安装
使用composer添加包
$ composer require brnbio/laravel-mysql-spatial
快速入门
创建迁移
从命令行
php artisan make:migration createPlacesTable
然后编辑您刚刚创建的迁移,添加至少一个空间数据字段。
declare(strict_types=1); use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration; use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema; return new class extends Migration { /** * Run the migrations. * * @return void */ public function up(): void { Schema::create('places', function(Blueprint $table) { $table->id(); $table->string('name'); $table->point('location')->nullable(); $table->polygon('area')->nullable(); $table->timestamps(); }); // Or create the spatial fields with an SRID (e.g. 4326 WGS84 spheroid) // Schema::create('places', function(Blueprint $table) // { // $table->id(); // $table->string('name'); // // Add a Point spatial data field named location with SRID 4326 // $table->point('location', 4326)->nullable(); // // Add a Polygon spatial data field named area with SRID 4326 // $table->polygon('area', 4326)->nullable(); // $table->timestamps(); // }); } /** * Reverse the migrations. * * @return void */ public function down(): void { Schema::dropIfExists('places'); } };
运行迁移
php artisan migrate
创建模型
从命令行
php artisan make:model Place
然后编辑您刚刚创建的模型。它必须使用SpatialTrait并定义一个名为$spatialFields的数组,其中包含迁移中创建的MySQL空间数据字段的名称
namespace App; use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model; use Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Eloquent\SpatialTrait; /** * @property \Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Types\Point $location * @property \Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Types\Polygon $area */ class Place extends Model { use SpatialTrait; protected $fillable = [ 'name' ]; protected $spatialFields = [ 'location', 'area' ]; }
保存模型
use Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Types\Point; use Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Types\Polygon; use Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Types\LineString; $place1 = new Place(); $place1->name = 'Empire State Building'; // saving a point $place1->location = new Point(40.7484404, -73.9878441); // (lat, lng) $place1->save(); // saving a polygon $place1->area = new Polygon([new LineString([ new Point(40.74894149554006, -73.98615270853043), new Point(40.74848633046773, -73.98648262023926), new Point(40.747925497790725, -73.9851602911949), new Point(40.74837050671544, -73.98482501506805), new Point(40.74894149554006, -73.98615270853043) ])]); $place1->save();
或者如果您的数据库字段是用特定的SRID创建的
use Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Types\Point; use Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Types\Polygon; use Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Types\LineString; $place1 = new Place(); $place1->name = 'Empire State Building'; // saving a point with SRID 4326 (WGS84 spheroid) $place1->location = new Point(40.7484404, -73.9878441, 4326); // (lat, lng, srid) $place1->save(); // saving a polygon with SRID 4326 (WGS84 spheroid) $place1->area = new Polygon([new LineString([ new Point(40.74894149554006, -73.98615270853043), new Point(40.74848633046773, -73.98648262023926), new Point(40.747925497790725, -73.9851602911949), new Point(40.74837050671544, -73.98482501506805), new Point(40.74894149554006, -73.98615270853043) ])], 4326); $place1->save();
注意:当保存集合几何体(
LineString、Polygon、MultiPoint、MultiLineString和GeometryCollection)时,只有最顶层的几何体在构造函数中设置SRID。在上面的例子中,当创建一个
new Polygon()时,我们只设置了Polygon的SRID,并使用默认值设置了LineString和Point对象。
检索模型
$place2 = Place::first(); $lat = $place2->location->getLat(); // 40.7484404 $lng = $place2->location->getLng(); // -73.9878441
几何类
可用的几何类
查看类图。
使用几何类
为了使您的Eloquent模型处理几何类,它必须使用Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Eloquent\SpatialTrait特性,并定义一个protected属性$spatialFields,该属性是一个MySQL空间数据类型列名的数组(例如在快速入门中)。
IteratorAggregate和ArrayAccess
集合几何体(LineString、Polygon、MultiPoint、MultiLineString和GeometryCollection)实现了IteratorAggregate和ArrayAccess,这使得执行迭代器和数组操作变得容易。例如
$polygon = $multipolygon[10]; // ArrayAccess // IteratorAggregate for($polygon as $i => $linestring) { echo (string) $linestring; }
助手
从/到WKT(WKT)
// fromWKT($wkt, $srid = 0) $point = Point::fromWKT('POINT(2 1)'); $point->toWKT(); // POINT(2 1) $polygon = Polygon::fromWKT('POLYGON((0 0,4 0,4 4,0 4,0 0),(1 1, 2 1, 2 2, 1 2,1 1))'); $polygon->toWKT(); // POLYGON((0 0,4 0,4 4,0 4,0 0),(1 1, 2 1, 2 2, 1 2,1 1))
从/到字符串
// fromString($wkt, $srid = 0) $point = new Point(1, 2); // lat, lng (string)$point // lng, lat: 2 1 $polygon = Polygon::fromString('(0 0,4 0,4 4,0 4,0 0),(1 1, 2 1, 2 2, 1 2,1 1)'); (string)$polygon; // (0 0,4 0,4 4,0 4,0 0),(1 1, 2 1, 2 2, 1 2,1 1)
从/到JSON(GeoJSON)
几何类实现了JsonSerializable和Illuminate\Contracts\Support\Jsonable,以帮助将其序列化为GeoJSON
$point = new Point(40.7484404, -73.9878441); json_encode($point); // or $point->toJson(); // { // "type": "Feature", // "properties": {}, // "geometry": { // "type": "Point", // "coordinates": [ // -73.9878441, // 40.7484404 // ] // } // }
要将GeoJSON字符串反序列化为几何类,可以使用Geometry::fromJson($json_string)
$location = Geometry::fromJson('{"type":"Point","coordinates":[3.4,1.2]}'); $location instanceof Point::class; // true $location->getLat(); // 1.2 $location->getLng()); // 3.4
作用域:空间分析函数
空间分析函数是通过Eloquent Local Scopes实现的。
可用的作用域
distance($geometryColumn, $geometry, $distance)distanceExcludingSelf($geometryColumn, $geometry, $distance)distanceSphere($geometryColumn, $geometry, $distance)distanceSphereExcludingSelf($geometryColumn, $geometry, $distance)comparison($geometryColumn, $geometry, $relationship)within($geometryColumn, $polygon)crosses($geometryColumn, $geometry)contains($geometryColumn, $geometry)disjoint($geometryColumn, $geometry)equals($geometryColumn, $geometry)intersects($geometryColumn, $geometry)overlaps($geometryColumn, $geometry)doesTouch($geometryColumn, $geometry)orderBySpatial($geometryColumn, $geometry, $orderFunction, $direction = 'asc')orderByDistance($geometryColumn, $geometry, $direction = 'asc')orderByDistanceSphere($geometryColumn, $geometry, $direction = 'asc')
请注意,MySQL空间分析函数的行为和可用性在每个MySQL版本中都有所不同(参见图表 文档)。
迁移
对于5.5之前的Laravel版本,您可以使用此包提供的Blueprint:Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Schema\Blueprint。
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration; use Brnbio\LaravelMysqlSpatial\Schema\Blueprint; class CreatePlacesTable extends Migration { // ... }
列
可用的 MySQL空间类型 迁移Blueprints
$table->geometry(string $column_name, int $srid = 0)$table->point(string $column_name, int $srid = 0)$table->lineString(string $column_name, int $srid = 0)$table->polygon(string $column_name, int $srid = 0)$table->multiPoint(string $column_name, int $srid = 0)$table->multiLineString(string $column_name, int $srid = 0)$table->multiPolygon(string $column_name, int $srid = 0)$table->geometryCollection(string $column_name, int $srid = 0)
空间索引
您可以在迁移中使用 spatialIndex 和 dropSpatialIndex blueprints 来添加或删除空间索引。
$table->spatialIndex('column_name')$table->dropSpatialIndex(['column_name'])或$table->dropSpatialIndex('index_name')
有关空间索引的说明,请参阅 MySQL文档
对于
MyISAM和(自MySQL 5.7.5起)InnoDB表,MySQL可以使用类似于创建常规索引的语法创建空间索引,但使用SPATIAL关键字。空间索引中的列必须声明为NOT NULL。
请参阅Laravel 5.6文档中的此 重要说明,有关索引长度。
例如,作为对 快速入门 的后续操作;在命令行中,生成一个新的迁移
php artisan make:migration update_places_table
然后编辑您刚刚创建的迁移文件
use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration; use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema; class UpdatePlacesTable extends Migration { /** * Run the migrations. * * @return void */ public function up() { // MySQL < 5.7.5: table has to be MyISAM // \DB::statement('ALTER TABLE places ENGINE = MyISAM'); Schema::table('places', function (Blueprint $table) { // Make sure point is not nullable $table->point('location')->change(); // Add a spatial index on the location field $table->spatialIndex('location'); }); } /** * Reverse the migrations. * * @return void */ public function down() { Schema::table('places', function (Blueprint $table) { $table->dropSpatialIndex(['location']); // either an array of column names or the index name }); // \DB::statement('ALTER TABLE places ENGINE = InnoDB'); Schema::table('places', function (Blueprint $table) { $table->point('location')->nullable()->change(); }); } }
测试
$ composer test # or $ composer test:unit $ composer test:integration
集成测试需要一个运行的MySQL数据库。如果您已安装Docker,可以轻松启动一个
$ make start_db # starts MySQL 8.0 # or $ make start_db V=5.7 # starts MySQL 5.7
贡献
欢迎提出建议和pull request!带有测试的pull request是最好的!还有许多MySQL空间函数要实现或创造性地使用空间函数的方法。
致谢
最初灵感来源于 njbarrett的Laravel postgis包。